Bamana Door Lock
This early 20th century Bamana door lock is likely from the area surrounding Bamako, the capital of Mali, in the southwest part of the country. Traditionally, door locks like this one were used to protect houses and granaries. The lock mechanism works with metal pins that drop into holes in the sliding bolt when correctly aligned. The figurative locks are attached to undecorated house doors with iron fasteners. Bamana men of the blacksmith/sculptor class, who inherit their position in society, carve the door locks from the wood of the toro tree and fit them with the necessary iron pieces.
This type of door lock provides both physical security and spiritual protection from supernatural forces, particularly for women and children at home. Bamana door locks can take many forms with the central figure representing totemic animals, ancestor figures, or other mythological subjects to protect the inhabitants. On this lock, the central female figure symbolizes Komo, a guardian spirit believed to hear every sound, as shown by her long ears. This figure also connects to the powerful Komo secret society which promotes the general wellbeing of the community and protects it from harm. Additional symbolism can be found in the perpendicular bolts, which are shaped like crocodiles, representing vigilance and strength.
This door lock is on display in Home through April 12, 2025.